Research methods refer to the systematic processes and techniques employed to gather, analyze, and interpret information in a structured and reliable manner. These methods are crucial in various fields, including science, social sciences, and humanities, to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, and contribute to knowledge. Common research methods include experiments, surveys, interviews, observations, and case studies. Researchers choose methods based on their study objectives, the nature of the research question, and the type of data needed for analysis. The goal is to ensure the validity, reliability, and generalizability of findings.